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| "Synonyms:Titanium tetraisopropoxide Titanium isopropoxide Titanium(IV) isopropoxide Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV) Titanium(4+) 2-propanolate Isopropyl titanate Molecular Formula:C12H28O4Ti Molecular Weight: 284.22 HS Code: 2905199090 Grade:Ti(16.65-16.90%) Hazard Class:Class 3" | |||||||||
546-68-9
bosschem
546-68-9
1. Product Overview
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TPT), also known as titanium(IV) isopropoxide or TTIP, is a clear, colorless to pale-yellow liquid organotitanate with the formula Ti(OCH(CH₃)₂)₄. It is the most widely used titanium catalyst and cross-linking agent in industry, prized for its high Lewis acidity, homogeneous catalysis and clean reaction behavior in esterification, transesterification and polymerization.
TPT reacts readily with hydroxyl and carboxyl groups — and hydrolyzes rapidly in the presence of water — which is exactly what makes it useful across three very different worlds: as a catalyst in organic synthesis, as a cross-linker and adhesion promoter in coatings and adhesives, and as a molecular titanium source for sol–gel TiO₂ and thin-film deposition. Supplied as a stable liquid, it is easy to dose into solvent-based processes.
A single compound, four core value propositions:
Catalysis & Organic Synthesis:
● a high-activity homogeneous catalyst for esterification, transesterification, condensation and polymerization;
Crosslinking & Coatings:
● a cross-linking agent and adhesion promoter for paints, inks, sealants, wire enamels and metal-flake coatings;
Coupling Agents & Adhesion:
● the key building block of titanate coupling agents and a bonding promoter between metals, plastics and rubber;
TiO₂ Precursors & Advanced Materials:
● a molecular titanium source for sol–gel TiO₂, thin films, coatings and nano-materials.
2. Product Information (Quick Facts)
Item | Specification |
Chemical Name | Titanium(IV) isopropoxide (Tetraisopropyl titanate) |
Synonyms | TPT; TTIP; Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate; Titanium tetraisopropanolate; Isopropyl titanate |
CAS No. | 546-68-9 |
EC No. (EINECS) | 208-909-6 |
Molecular Formula | C₁₂H₂₈O₄Ti (Ti(OCH(CH₃)₂)₄) |
Molecular Weight | 284.22 g/mol |
Appearance | Clear, colorless to pale-yellow liquid |
Density | ≈ 0.96 g/cm³ (20 °C) |
Freezing Point | ≈ 15 °C |
Boiling Point | 220 – 232 °C |
3. Chemistry & Grades
TPT is a monomeric tetra-alkoxide of titanium, in which one titanium atom is bonded to four isopropoxy groups. The Ti–O bonds are strongly polar but kinetically labile, so the compound acts as a strong Lewis acid (the titanium center accepts electron pairs) while still exchanging ligands cleanly — the basis of its catalysis and cross-linking chemistry. It is far more reactive toward water than tetra-n-butyl titanate, so processes using TPT must control moisture.
Grade selection follows the use. Catalyst grade serves esterification and polymerization; coupling-agent grade feeds titanate coupling-agent manufacture
4. Key Features & Benefits
● High catalytic activity: strong Lewis-acid titanium center drives esterification, transesterification, condensation and polymerization efficiently at low dosage.
● Clean homogeneous catalysis: fully soluble in organic media, giving fast, uniform reaction and easy separation from products.
● Effective cross-linking: reacts with hydroxyl and carboxyl groups to cross-link resins, boosting coating hardness, adhesion and solvent resistance.
● Versatile adhesion promotion: bonds metals, glass, plastics and rubber surfaces in coatings, adhesives and sealants.
5. Main Applications
5.1 Catalysis & Organic Synthesis (Core Application)
TPT is one of the most versatile titanium catalysts in industrial and fine chemistry:
● Esterification and transesterification: catalyst for ester synthesis and for transesterification of acrylic and other esters;
● Condensation reactions: promotes condensations and rearrangements in fine-chemical and pharmaceutical synthesis;
● Polymerization: catalyst/initiator for epoxy, phenolic, silicone and polybutadiene resins and for PP/PE modification;
● Asymmetric synthesis: titanium reagent in Sharpless-type epoxidation and related enantioselective transformations.
5.2 Crosslinking & Coatings
● Paints and inks: cross-linking agent that raises film hardness, scratch resistance and chemical resistance;
● Wire enamels: cross-linker for magnet-wire varnish with improved thermal and dielectric performance;
● Specialty coatings: glass and zinc-flake coatings where moisture-cured titanium chemistry builds durable films;
● Sealants and adhesives: promotes cure and interfacial bonding in structural and industrial formulations.
5.3 Coupling Agents & Adhesion
● Titanate coupling-agent synthesis: key raw material for the whole family of tetra-alkyl titanate coupling agents;
● Metal–plastic and metal–rubber bonding: adhesion promoter in primers and bonding systems;
● Filler and pigment treatment: surface modifier improving dispersion and compatibility in composites.
5.4 TiO₂ Precursors & Advanced Materials
● Sol–gel TiO₂: precursor for titania sols, coatings, aerogels and photocatalysts;
● Thin-film deposition: titanium source for ALD and CVD titania films in electronics and optics;
● Nano-materials: controlled hydrolysis yields titania nanoparticles, nanorods and hybrid materials.
6. Packaging, Storage
Packaging (customizable):
● 25 kg HDPE drum, 200 kg HDPE drum or galvanized iron drum, 1,000 L IBC;
● Moisture-sealed closures standard to protect the moisture-sensitive liquid.
Storage:
● Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat and ignition sources;
● Keep containers tightly closed — TPT hydrolyzes in contact with moisture;
● Store above 15 °C to prevent solidification (freezing point ≈ 15 °C);
● Avoid contact with water and strong oxidizing agents; flammable liquid — keep away from open flames.
● Factory-direct supply: own production capacity, transparent pricing, no middleman markup;
● Stable quality: strict internal control, every batch tested, COA with every shipment;
● Export experience: familiar with sea/air shipping documentation for chemical commodities, complete paperwork support;
TPT is used mainly as a homogeneous catalyst for esterification, transesterification, condensation and polymerization reactions; as a cross-linking and adhesion-promoting agent in paints, inks, sealants and coatings; as the key raw material for titanate coupling agents; and as a molecular titanium source for sol–gel TiO₂ and thin-film deposition.
Both are titanium alkoxides, but the isopropoxy groups of TPT make it smaller and markedly more reactive toward water and hydroxyl groups than the butyl compound — TPT hydrolyzes faster, which suits fast-cure and sol–gel systems, while TNBT is more stable and preferred where slower, more controlled moisture cure is needed. Choose TPT for high-activity catalysis and fast cross-linking; TNBT for slower-cure or more hydrophobic systems.
The titanium center is a strong Lewis acid that activates carbonyl groups, while the labile isopropoxy ligands exchange readily with alcohols. The result is fast, homogeneous catalysis at low dosage with minimal side reactions, and the catalyst can be removed or deactivated cleanly after the reaction.
TPT is a flammable liquid and reacts exothermically with water, releasing isopropanol; it is also irritating to skin and eyes. Handle in dry conditions away from ignition sources, use gloves, goggles and protective clothing, and never add water directly to the product. It is an industrial chemical.
