Industrial grade 99%，Formamide CAS.75-12-7

What is formamide? What are all its uses?

I. What is Formamide?

Formamide, or aminoformaldehyde, is the simplest amide of formic acid and one of the most important nitrogen-containing intermediates in the pesticide industry. Its chemical formula is commonly written as:

CH3NO (HCONH2, CAS No.: 75-12-7, EINECS No.: 200-842-0, molecular weight about 45.04)

At room temperature it is a colorless, transparent liquid with a faint ammonia-like odor. Very hygroscopic, miscible with water, soluble in alcohol. Melting point about 2.5°C, boiling point about 210°C. The amide group (-CONH2) in the molecule of formamide is highly reactive and can act as a formylating reagent in many organic reactions. Its unique solubility enables it to also dissolve many ionic compounds and resins; It is industrially prepared by the reaction of methyl formate with ammonia or the direct amidation of formic acid with ammonia.

Formamide molecules structurally include carbonyl (C=O), amino (-NH2) and aldehyde hydrogen groups and possess polarity, reactivity and coordination ability. It is an important reagent for nucleic acid denaturation and stabilization in molecular biology, an excellent solvent for various inorganic salts and resins, and a key raw material for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds such as pyrimidine, purine and oxazole. It is a three-functional chemical with the functions of intermediate, solvent and biological reagent.

Chemically, formamide is very reactive and incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and acids, so its production and use must be carefully controlled. Store in a closed, moisture-proof container away from fire and heat sources.

The product is classified on the basis of application field, such as industrial grade, reagent grade (used for laboratory and biological research), etc. Different grades have different requirements for purity control, mainly focusing on the following indicators:

1. Moisture

Moisture can affect the stability of reaction systems and products, and is particularly important in the synthesis of pesticides and applications in molecular biology, and thus needs to be strictly controlled.

2. Chroma (APHA)

Color affects the appearance of downstream products and analytical results. The products should be colorless and transparent and should be controlled within the labeled range.

3. acidity or alkalinity

The acidity or alkalinity is a reflection of the free acid or ammonia content, which affects the stability of the reaction system and biological reagents, and must be controlled within a reasonable range.

4. density

Density is a routine inspection indicator in factory, reflecting the consistency of product concentration with batch.

5.Evaporation deposition

The evaporation residue is a measure of the total impurities which influence the quality of high-purity applications and downstream products. Reagent-grade residues must be controlled to a very low range.

6.Iron and heavy metals content

The iron content affects the color of the product and heavy metal content affects the safety of biological applications, and both these should be controlled within a reasonable range.

II. What are all the uses of formamide?

Formamide has the unique properties of "high reactivity + special solubility + nucleic acid stabilization ability". It is widely used in pesticides, papermaking, textiles, fine chemicals, scientific research and food.

1.Pesticide intermediates (pesticide industry segment, industrial key applications)

Formamide is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of pesticides, such as insecticides and fungicides. It is used to build up the nitrogen-containing structural units of pesticide molecules. It is the second largest application area in the pesticide industry, occupying about 30% of the total amount of formamide used.

2. Production of basic chemicals, such as formic acid (basic chemical industry, industrial grade)

Formamide can be reacted with inorganic acids to produce formic acid on a large scale, and is also used in the manufacture of chemicals such as hydrogen cyanide. It is an important feedstock for the base chemical industry.

3. Fine chemical industry, synthesis of industrial grade heterocyclic compounds

Formamide is an important building block in fine chemical synthesis and a key raw material for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds including pyrimidines, purines, oxazoles and triazines.

4.Paper softening and treatment agents (industrial grade, for paper industry)

Formamide is used in the paper and paper processing industries as a paper softener and treatment agent to improve the softness, strength and surface properties of paper.

5 Textile industry, industrial grade, fiber softening agents and spinning solvents

Formamide is used in the fiber industry as a softener and a spinning solvent, to improve the feel of the fibers and improve spinning performance, serving the chemical fiber and textile industries.

6. Organic synthesizing solvents (fine chemicals industry, industrial grade)

Formamide is a good solvent for many ionic compounds, resins and plasticizers. It is also a softening agent for animal glues. It has a wide application in organic chemical synthesis and formulation development.

7. Solvents for resin and plastic production (polymer materials area, industrial grade)

Formamide is used as a solvent in the manufacture of resins, plastics and adhesives to help dissolve and disperse resin systems. Polymer materials industry.

8. Processing of leather and artificial leather (industrial grade, leather industry sector)

It is used as a solvent and auxiliary agent in the processing of leather and synthetic leather to improve processing performance and meet the requirements of the leather and synthetic leather industries.

9. Solvents for coating and ink industry and ink solvents (industrial grade)

Formamide is used as a solvent component in printing inks and coatings to help adjust viscosity and solubility, the printing inks and coatings industry.

10. Molecular biology reagents (core applications in scientific research and reagent grade applications)

Formamide, reagent grade, is a common reagent in molecular biology laboratories. It is a denaturant for DNA and RNA, a component of nucleic acid hybridization buffers, and an electrophoresis stabilizer. It lowers the melting point of nucleic acids and stabilizes single stranded structures and is widely used in sequencing, hybridization and gene detection.

11. Analytical reagents (analytical test field, reagent grade)

Formamide is used as a reagent for determination of amino acid content of rice and other analytical items. It is also used in laboratory sample processing and as a solvent to the analytical testing industry.

12. Additives for sol-gel materials (material field, industrial grade)

The sol-gel method uses formamide as a sintering aid to improve the sintering characteristics of ceramic and glass materials, which is beneficial to the advanced ceramics and materials industry.

Summarize

Formamide (HCONH2, CH3NO, CAS No. 75-12-7, EINECS No. 200-842-0) is a colorless, transparent, water-soluble liquid. This is used as pesticides, papermaking, textiles, fine chemicals, scientific research and food industries due to its active amide reactivity, unique solubility and nucleic acid stabilization effect. Applications formamide is widely used as an intermediate solvent, pesticide intermediate, in the manufacture of basic chemicals such as formic acid, in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, in paper softening, as a fiber softener and spinning solvent, in synthesis of organic compounds, in resin and plastics manufacturing, in leather and synthetic leather processing, in inks and coatings, in biological applications, as a molecular biology reagent, in analytical reagents, as an indirect food additive (regulated) and as an additive in sol-gel materials. It is a versatile nitrogen-containing intermediate linking “amide chemistry” with “pesticides, papermaking, textiles, fine chemicals, biology , and scientific research .