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| Synonyms:2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine Triaminotriazine Cyanurotriamide Cyanurotriamine Cyanuramide Iso-melamine Molecular Formula:C3H6N6 Molecular Weight: 126.12 HS Code: 2933698000 Grade:99% Industrial grade Hazard Class:/ | |||||||||
108-78-1
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108-78-1
Melamine, also known as melamine or cyanuric acid, and designated 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine by IUPAC, is a triazine-based nitrogen-containing heterocyclic organic compound and an important basic organic chemical intermediate. Its chemical formula is usually written as:
C3H6N6 (CAS No.: 108-78-1, molecular weight approximately 126.12)
It is a white monoclinic crystal at room temperature, almost odorless, with a melting point of about 354℃ (decomposes), sublimates at 300℃, and has a density of about 1.573 g/cm³. Melamine is slightly soluble in cold water (about 3 g/L at 20℃), soluble in hot water, glycerol, and pyridine, slightly soluble in hot ethanol, and insoluble in ether and benzene. Its nitrogen content is as high as 66.7%.
From a molecular structure perspective, melamine molecules consist of a triazine ring and three amino groups (-NH2), belonging to the class of mesityriazine compounds containing three primary amino groups.Thanks to its abundance of amino groups, it can react with formaldehyde by means of a condensation reaction to produce melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF, melamine resin). Its high reactivity offers a structural basis for wide application in resins, coatings, adhesives, and flame retardants.
Chemically melamine is stable at room temperature but decomposes on heating or combustion giving off toxic fumes containing hydrogen cyanide, nitrogen oxides and ammonia. Its powder may form a dust explosion mixture in air, so precautions must be taken to prevent explosions. Store in a dry, closed container away from sources of ignition.
Industrial-grade melamine means products that are mainly used for industrial production. Industrial grade products pay more attention to the following indicators than reagent grade and other specifications:
Excessive moisture content may affect the condensation reaction and storage stability and should be kept low.
Ash content reflects the content of inorganic impurities, which affects the color of resin and product quality, and must meet specifications.
Free alkali affects the resin synthesis process and color, and must be controlled within a reasonable range.
The crystals should be white and pure in color; abnormal color often indicates excessive impurities.
Metal impurities such as iron affect the color of the resin.
Melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF), formed by the condensation polymerization of melamine and formaldehyde, is the most important application of melamine. The resin has excellent properties such as high hardness, heat resistance, water resistance, wear resistance, and self-extinguishing properties, and is widely used in melamine tableware, decorative boards (melamine boards), laminates, whiteboards, kitchenware, and electrical parts.
Melamine-formaldehyde resin is used as a crosslinking agent for amino baking coatings. When combined with alkyd resins, polyester resins, etc., it imparts high hardness, high gloss, and weather resistance to the coating, and is widely used in high-temperature baking coatings for home appliances, automobiles, and metal products.
Melamine is used in wood adhesives such as modified urea-formaldehyde resin to significantly improve bonding strength, water resistance, and weather resistance, and is applied in the production of engineered wood products such as plywood, particleboard, and blockboard.
Melamine is an important nitrogen-based flame retardant. When heated, it decomposes to release inert gases such as nitrogen, which dilute flammable gases. Its derivatives (such as melamine cyanurate MCA) have a synergistic effect when combined with phosphorus-based flame retardants, and are used in flame-retardant plastics, rubber, coatings and textiles.
Sulfonated melamine formaldehyde (SMF) is a kind of efficient water reducing agent, which can significantly decrease the water consumption of concrete, enhance the fluidity and strength, and is widely used for high strength concrete, pumped concrete and large volume concrete projects.
Melamine formaldehyde resin is used as a wet strength agent in papermaking for maintaining the strength of paper in a wet state. It is used to make speciality papers like filter paper, food packaging paper and moisture-proof paper.
Melamine resin is used as an anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage finishing agent for textiles and as a tanning and treatment agent for leather, improving the dimensional stability and hand feel of fabrics and leather.
Melamine is a white crystalline triazine nitrogen-containing compound. Its main downstream product is melamine-formaldehyde resin, formed by the condensation polymerization of melamine with formaldehyde. In daily life, we indirectly come into contact with it through the chain of melamine tableware, furniture decorative panels, coatings for home appliances and automobiles, flame retardants, and concrete water-reducing agents. In industry, industrial-grade melamine is widely used as a raw material (core) for melamine-formaldehyde resin, a crosslinking agent for amino resin coatings, a modifier for wood adhesives, a nitrogen-based flame retardant, a concrete water-reducing agent, a wet strength agent for papermaking, and a finishing agent for textiles and leather. It is particularly important to emphasize that melamine is nephrotoxic and strictly prohibited for use in food and animal feed; its industrial use must be strictly isolated from the food chain.
